A clue to resolving what is "likely the most difficult problem facing physicists" for the past few decades appears to be buried in the kabbalah. For those who are not entirely familiar with the Cosmological Constant Problem, here is an excellent article published today talking about it: Why the Tiny Weight of Empty Space Is Such a Huge Mystery. 
Halfway through the article is a vivid illustration of one of the things that perplexes physicists: basically, for all the math to work out nicely, something astoundingly incredibly profoundly miraculous had to happen during the early stages of the beginning of the universe:
...in the universe's first few moments, when such a mechanism might have operated, the universe was so physically small that its total vacuum energy was negligible compared to the amount of matter and radiation. The gravitational effect of the vacuum energy would have been completely dwarfed by the gravity of everything else. "This is one of the greatest difficulties in solving the cosmological constant problem," the physicist Raphael Bousso wrote in 2007. A gravitational feedback mechanism precisely adjusting the vacuum energy amid the conditions of the early universe, he said, "can be roughly compared to an airplane following a prescribed flight path to atomic precision, in a storm."
(Emphasis mine.) Well it just so happens that the Kabbalah talks about something that evokes a similar image of Divine-quality precision, that of the finest thread piercing the tumult of darkness with extraordinary, post-multi-dimensional precision, a thread which the Kabbalah calmly admits is the hand of God himself. In the Etz Chaim (Tree of Life) by Isaac Luria (1534 – 1572), a discourse on the ancient Kabbalist text The Bahir, there is a description of this thread of light:
Before all things were created. . . the Supernal Light was simple, and it filled all Existence. There was no empty space. . . . When His simple Will decided to create all universes . . .He constricted the Light to the sides . . . leaving a vacated space. . . .The space was perfectly round. . . . After this constriction took place . . . there was a place in which all things could be created. . . . He then drew a single straight thread from the Infinite Light . . . and brought it into that vacated space. . . . It was through that line that the Infinite Light was brought down below. . . .
Scholar Aryeh Kaplan gives a more succinct explanation of this process in his introduction to the The Bahir (The Illumination):
In its literal sense, the concept of Tzimtzum is straightforward. God first 'withdrew' His Light, forming a vacated space, in which all creation would take place. In order for His creative power to be in that space, He drew into it a 'thread' of His Light. It was through this thread that all creation took place.
I think we're talking about the same thing here. What if the "gravitational feedback mechanism precisely adjusting the vacuum energy" is one and the same with the "thread of light"? The idea can be developed, but this clue is enough for now.
I'm currently studying the inner structure of the "nothing" being discussed here, and randomly came upon the Quanta article while idly browsing through the author's other articles on cutting-edge math and physics. (I quite enjoy her articles; they're always well-researched and intuitively structured.) The underlying connection between physics and kabbalah here struck me as quite obvious, and I figured I should share. Enjoy.